Method of making scissors, shears, tweezers, and the like



w. F. CONCANNON. METHOD OF MAKING SCISSORS, SHEARS, TWEEZERS, AND THELIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24,1920.

1 407 127 I Patented Feb. 21,

ATTORNEYS I ran STATES ATE-NT QFFEQEQF:

' WILLIAM F. ooNoAnNon; or sarnenroniyqo mnoljropr;

; METHOD AKI G sorssons, sHEARs; TWEEZERS, AND T E LIKE. jp 1 iaoa a i.

To all whom it may. concern:

oANrIoN, a citizen of the United States, re-

siding at Bridgeport, county of ,Fairfieltl,

" Shears, Tweezers, and the like, of. which the following is aspecification. v v. This invent on rehtes to the manufacture of scissors,shears, tweezers, and the like and has for its object to provide, asimple and inexpensive'method whereby articles of the present charactermaybe produced, the

I 4 novel method of, the invention being especially useful in the;production of scissors and shears of exceptional cuttingand wearingquality by reason of the fact that each of the steps of the method iscapable of being practiced upon crucible tool steelof high carboncontent.

The members of the scissors,;shears, tweezers, and the like, resultingfrom the novel method of the invention are produced by successive stepsperformed upon separate strips or ipieces of rod or wire, preferablycrucible tool steel wire-of highv carbon content. ln practicing themethod, I usea strip or piece of rod or wire ofany desired length andgauge to form a scissors, shear, or tweezers member of the ,desiredsize. The wire is preferably though not necessarily, provided with agroove in one of its ends, is curled to form the bow of'the scissors,shear ortweezers member, is offset to give theblade the proper set withrespect to the handle, the blade is forged and subsequently trimmed andshaped, the members are tempere'd and 'finished, the finishing operationconsisting of any desirable and necessary steps, such 'as grinding theblades, bufling and polishing the-blades and handles,-electroplating,etc., and the members are finally assembled to produce thefinishedarticle.

The method of the invention will now be fully described and willhereinafter be specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification,

Fig. 1 is a view of a strip or piece of wire from which the scissors,shear or tweezers member is to be formed;

Fig. 2 is a view of the wire after it has been curled to form the bow;

Fig. 3 is a view showing the bowed wire after it has been offset; V

Fig. 4 is a view showing the bowed and Applicationfiled J1me 24,.l920..Seria1-No-.391,261 1 Specification of lietters latentf off et Wireafter the forging operation ofthe" method'hasbeen performed; 5 1

Fig. 5 is a vie'wo-f a scissors or shearmem- .b lcompletey S a of C nneticut, haveinvented a? 1mmovementin Methods of Making Scrssrors7v Fig. 6:is a view of a pair of scissors-or shears composed of .two memberssimilar to' the member OfFig.:-5-; and

, Fig. -7 is a .view of. a-..pair of tweezers made in accordance withthe. principles "of the invention.

lOdenQt-es astrip or piece of wire, preferiably .crucibletool steelwire,-:of any desired length and gauge, depending upon the shape a andsize of thescissors,shear, or tweezers ,member to be formed- The-stripor piece of wire is preferably, though'not necessarily,--.: providedwitha groove 11 in Tone of its ends."

The wire as show nin Fig.- 1 of the drawing may be; first curled toform: the bow 12, as

inF-ig. 2, and thenoffset, 'or may 'beofli'set as. indicated at 13 in'Fig. =i3' and the :bow 12-- afterwards formed. 1 The curlingandioffsetti'n-g may @be singly. or .jointly. performed 'eithe'rsbyhandior inany other suitable manner, as by placing the cwire in afixture' made for the purpose; As disclosed veryaclearly .1: 1 inthe.cl-raw-ing,-the,groove in the end of the wire is. adapted to allow theend of the wire to closely to the handle of the member after the-bow isformed. =It will'beobvious that theprovision of the groove in an-end"of, the wire forms. no essential step I in the manufacture of themembers; ;It.,.will:like wise be obvious that-i the bow cangbe :made toassume any desired shapeor styleand can bemade anydesiredsize, andthatthetof'fsetting can be done at any desired-location .on the strip orpiece of wire. and, can be as pronounced as may be desirable to Yformfla blade suitable for scissors, shears, tweezers, or the like.Should it'be found desirable, the ofi'setting step of the method can bedis pensed with;

After-the bow has been formed, and after the handle has been properlyofi'setto give the portion of the wire, denoted by 14:, that is to formthe blade the proper set with respect to the handle, the member isreadyfor the forging operation of the method, which, as suggested inFig. 4, is performed upbn the portion of the wire that is. to composethe blade. It is an easy matter to obtain a blade of any desired shape,such for example as an oval blade, a double swaged blade, a

square or fiat blade, a blade suitablefor tweezers, or the like, bymeans of dies made 7' sequence.

and sunk for the purpose. It will be evident that the blade may beforged to provide a shoulder 15 as is usually found in scissors, or theblade may be forged without this shoulder.

After the blade has been forged it is next trimmed to shape, assuggested in Figs. 4c

and 5. The trimming can be done in any desired or preferred manner.

' The member is now ready for the tempering, finishing and assemblingoperations, which may be performed in any ordinary or preferred mannerand in any suitable I preferably proceed in the following manner. Afterthe handle has been curled to form the bow and the blade has beenoffset, forged and trimmed to shape, 1 match the blades with each otherand then drill them, as suggested at 16 inFig. 5, to make them ready tobe assembled by means of a screw or a rivet as may be desirable. I

next temper each member in a well known manner by applying to it theproper degree of heat for the necessary period of time to give to thematerial used the desirable cutting and wearing qualities. I next grindthe blade in a manner also wellknown, and preferably use for thispurpose a stone or emery wheel upon which water is allowed to run tokeep the member cool for an obvious reason. The handle and bow isfinished and polished on a bull? wheel made of muslin or cotton withemery and grease applied, and the blade is polished on a wood wheeldressed with emery, grease and wax, to prepare the member forelectroplating which is done in usual manner. After the electroplatinghas been accomplished, the member is buffed on a cotton buff made ofmuslin and run at high speed, a composition of lime and wax beingapplied to the cotton buff to give the metal, usually nickle, abrilliant luster. The blade is finally sharpened, in the case ofscissors,

shears, and the like, to give it the proper cutting edge. This is adelicate operation and must be performed by an expert.

. The members are next assembled, and after being assembled the bladesare properly set for cutting. A final bufiing is given to insure thebrilliant luster of the metal, and after cleaning the finished articlewith a soft cloth it is ready for the market.

It is essential, when manufacturing scissors of the present type, thatthe blades be located at predetermined distances from the handlesinorder that the members can be properly united, and the finished scissorscan be evenly balanced. The position of the-oil'- set can vary to aslight extent, an amount greater than the variations in shapes and sizesof the formed bows. I have found in practice that it is preferable tomeasure from the free ends of the formed bows, after the same have beenset to locate the positions of the blades, this for the reason thatthere are variations in shapes and sizes of the curled bows.Furthermore, in the manufacture of scissors from high carbon steel, nodifficulty is experienced in performing the offsetting and bowingoperations while the metal is cold. The heat required to forge theblades necessarily disturbs the nature of the steel scissors, shears,tweezers and the like of tool steel of high carbon content, whichconsists in curling and offsetting a strip or piece of wire while coldto form the bow of the memher and to make provision for locating theblade of the member, and in afterwards locating the blade and forgingand trimming the same to proper shape and size.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM F. CONOANNON.

